Category Archives: Treatment
Relative risk of renal disease among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has substantially decreased mortality and HIV-related morbidity. However, other morbidities appear to be more common among PLHIV than in the general population. This study aimed to estimate...
Mitochondrial disorders among infants exposed to HIV and antiretroviral therapy
Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, concern has been raised about the possibility that it may cause mitochondrial dysfunction in infants. There is adequate...
Gender distribution of adult patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Southern Africa: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: HIV and AIDS are significant and growing public health concerns in southern Africa. The majority of countries in the region have national adult HIV prevalence estimates exceeding 10 percent....
Systematic review of the efficacy of antiretroviral therapies for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of antiretroviral therapies in reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection. METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical trials of...
Etravirine (TMC-125): The evidence for its place in the treatment of HIV-1 infection
Introduction: Etravirine is a novel nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) specifically designed to suppress the replication of viruses resistant to the three currently approved NNRTIs efavirenz, nevirapine, and delavirdine. Aims:...
Prevalence, severity, and duration of thrombocytopenia among HIV patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy
Thrombocytopenia is a clinically relevant outcome in HIV. However, the epidemiology of this condition, including frequency, severity, and duration, has not been well-characterized in the era of highly active antiretroviral...
Mortality of patients lost to follow-up in antiretroviral treatment programmes in resource-limited settings: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: The retention of patients in antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes is an important issue in resource-limited settings. Loss to follow up can be substantial, but it is unclear what the...
Directly observed antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
BACKGROUND: Directly observed therapy has been recommended to improve adherence for patients with HIV infection who are on highly active antiretroviral therapy, but the benefit and cost-effectiveness of this approach...
Early mortality among adults accessing antiretroviral treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa
Two-thirds of the world’s HIV-infected people live in sub-Saharan Africa, and more than 1.5 million of them die annually. As access to antiretroviral treatment has expanded within the region; early...
Hepatotoxicity associated with long- versus short-course HIV-prophylactic nevirapine use: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the Research on Adverse Drug events And Reports (RADAR) project
Background and objective: The antiretroviral nevirapine can cause severe hepatotoxicity when used ‘off-label’ for preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT), newborn post-exposure prophylaxis and for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis among non-HIV-infected...
A review of HIV antiretroviral adherence and intervention studies among HIV-infected youth
Advances in antiretroviral medications have resulted in precipitous declines in HIV-associated morbidity and mortality; however, high levels of adherence are crucial to the success of HIV therapies. This article reviews...
