Category Archives: Treatment
Potentially inappropriate prescribing in older people living with HIV: A scoping review
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy has transformed HIV from a progressive and often fatal infection to a chronic disease. Currently, people living with HIV (PLHIV) have near-normal life expectancy; however, they face...
Tenofovir-induced renal dysfunction among HIV-infected patients: A systematic review
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is an antiretroviral drug widely used as part of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. Negative effects of tenofovir include impaired kidney...
Prevalence of delayed antiretroviral therapy initiation among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective HIV continues to be a global challenge. Key recommendations for HIV prevention and treatment are presented on rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. However, several studies showed a high prevalence...
Clinical relevance of drug interactions in people living with human immunodeficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy—Update 2022: Systematic review
BACKGROUND: The clinical outcomes of antiretroviral drugs may be modified through drug interactions; thus, it is important to update the drug interactions in people living with HIV (PLHIV). AIM: To...
Safety of longer-term doxycycline use: A systematic review and meta-analysis with implications for bacterial sexually transmitted infection chemoprophylaxis
BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia have significantly increased over the past decade in the United States. Doxycycline as chemoprophylaxis (i.e., postexposure prophylaxis) offers promise...
Can newborn infants with positive HIV soon after birth be diagnosed with intrauterine infection?
BACKGROUND: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can occur intrauterine, intrapartum, and postpartum. Currently, infants with confirmed positive results in virological tests before 48h of age are defined...
Human immunodeficiency virus care and management in incarcerated populations in Sub-Saharan Africa between 2010 and 2022: A narrative review
BACKGROUND: Different countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have established guidelines to reduce HIV transmission and improve its management in prisons. This narrative review aimed to examine established literature on HIV...
Understanding the role of religious beliefs in adherence to antiretroviral therapy among Pentecostal Christians living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review
Background Optimum adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial in managing HIV. However, some people’s religious beliefs can influence how they deal with HIV and the psychosocial factors influencing their adherence...
A systematic review of implementation research on determinants and strategies of effective HIV interventions for men who have sex with men in the United States
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, accounting for two-thirds of Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, accounting for...
Prevalence and trends of advanced HIV disease among antiretroviral therapy-naive and antiretroviral therapy-experienced patients in South Africa between 2010-2021: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Despite the significant progress made in South Africa in getting millions of individuals living with HIV into care, many patients still present or re-enter care with Advanced HIV Disease...
Current ARTs, virologic failure, and implications for AIDS management: A systematic review
Antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) have revolutionized the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, significantly improved patient outcomes, and reduced the mortality rate and incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However,...
Attrition one year after starting antiretroviral therapy before and after the programmatic implementation of HIV “Treat All” in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Evidence on the real-world effects of “Treat All” on attrition has not been systematically reviewed. We aimed to review existing literature to compare attrition 12 months after antiretroviral therapy (ART)...
