Category Archives: Treatment
Risk of sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus with antiretroviral therapy, suppressed viral load and condom use: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: The Public Health Agency of Canada reviewed sexual transmission of HIV between serodiscordant partners to support examination of the criminal justice system response to HIV nondisclosure by the Department...
Integration of neonatal and child health interventions with pediatric HIV interventions in global health
Background/Objectives: In the last decade, many strategies have called for integration of HIV and child survival platforms to reduce missed opportunities and improve child health outcomes. Countries with generalized HIV...
Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV-positive people
BACKGROUND: Resistance to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compromises treatment effectiveness, often leading to virological failure and mortality. Antiretroviral drug resistance tests may be...
Being HIV positive and staying on antiretroviral therapy in Africa: A qualitative systematic review and theoretical model
BACKGROUND: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and long-term uninterrupted engagement in HIV care is difficult for HIV-positive people, and randomized trials of specific techniques to promote adherence often show small...
HIV, sexually transmitted infection, and substance use continuum of care interventions among criminal justice-involved black men who have sex with men: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Because Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) experience high rates of both HIV and incarceration relative to other groups, the various stages of criminal justice involvement may...
Effectiveness of text messaging interventions on prevention, detection, treatment, and knowledge outcomes for sexually transmitted infections (STIs)/HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Rates of STIs continue to rise worldwide, and novel evidence-based interventions such as text messaging aimed at improving client services are needed. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate text...
Postpartum women living with HIV: Challenges related to retention in care, treatment adherence, and mental health
Key take-home messages Postpartum women living with HIV may find it challenging to remain engaged in HIV care and achieve optimal adherence to antiretroviral medications. Late entry or suboptimal engagement...
Comparison of interventions to improve long-term medication adherence across different clinical conditions: A systematic review with network meta-analysis
Background: Medication non-adherence has a dynamic, temporal and multifactorial nature with a significant impact on economic and clinical outcomes. Interventions to improve adherence are complex and require adaptation to patients’...
The effect of gender on food insecurity among HIV-infected people receiving anti-retroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: HIV-infected adults receiving anti-retroviral therapy have a high prevalence of food insecurity in both high- and low-income settings., Women bear an inequitable burden of food insecurity due to lack...
Atrial fibrillation and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection: A systematic review. Implications for anticoagulant and antiarrhythmic therapy
The prevalence and incidence of atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection have been poorly investigated. We performed a systematic review using PubMed and Cochrane...
Elimination of HIV transmission through novel and established prevention strategies among people who inject drugs
Despite the effectiveness of existing HIV prevention strategies for people who inject drugs (PWID), uncontrolled outbreaks of HIV among this group are common and occur around the world. In this...
