Category Archives: Prevention, Engagement and Care Cascade
Pharmaceutical interventions in antiretroviral therapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: High levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) are needed to achieve the desired results. Because pharmaceutical care might contribute to improved adherence to treatment,...
Hormonal contraceptive methods and risk of HIV acquisition in women: A systematic review of epidemiological evidence
Whether use of various types of hormonal contraception (HC) affect risk of HIV acquisition is a critical question for women’s health. For this systematic review, we identified 22 studies published...
Cobicistat: Review of a pharmacokinetic enhancer for HIV infection
PURPOSE: This article reviews the clinical pharmacology, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, clinical efficacy and tolerability, drug interactions, and dosing and administration of cobicistat. METHODS: Searches of MEDLINE and International...
The effect of sexually transmitted co-infections on HIV viral load amongst individuals on antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) markedly reduces HIV transmission, and testing and treatment programs have been advocated as a method for decreasing transmission at the population level. Little is known, however,...
Heterosexual risk of HIV transmission per sexual act under combined antiretroviral therapy: Systematic review and bayesian modeling
BACKGROUND: Although essential for patient counseling and quality of life of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, the risk of HIV transmission during 1 unprotected sex act with an HIV-infected person...
Renal and bone adverse effects of a Tenofovir-based regimen in the treatment of HIV-infected children: A systematic review
INTRODUCTION: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-containing regimens in the treatment of HIV-infected children have safety concerns with respect to renal and bone toxicity. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to...
Identification of evidence-based interventions for promoting HIV medication adherence: Findings from a systematic review of U.S.-based studies, 1996-2011.
A systematic review was conducted to identify evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for increasing HIV medication adherence behavior or decreasing HIV viral load among persons living with HIV (PLWH). We conducted automated...
Systematic review of couple-based HIV intervention and prevention studies: Advantages, gaps, and future directions
We conducted a systematic review of couple-based HIV biobehavioral (skills-building, VCT, and adherence) and biomedical (ART, circumcision) prevention and intervention studies designed to reduce sexual- and drug-risk behaviors and HIV...
Estimating the number of persons who inject drugs in the United States by meta-analysis to calculate national rates of HIV and hepatitis C virus infections
BACKGROUND: Injection drug use provides an efficient mechanism for transmitting bloodborne viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Effective targeting of resources for prevention of HIV...
Effectiveness and safety of rilpivirine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in treatment-naive adults infected with HIV-1: A meta-analysis
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of rilpivirine in treatment-naive adults infected with HIV-1. Methods: We ran duplicate searches of multiple databases and...
Disclosure of HIV serostatus among pregnant and postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
Disclosure of one’s HIV status can help to improve uptake and retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services; yet, it remains a challenge for many women. This systematic...
