Category Archives: Prevention, Engagement and Care Cascade
Meta-analysis of prevention and treatment of toxoplasmic encephalitis in HIV-infected patients
Toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) is one of the most common central nervous system (CNS) opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients. It can be prevented and treated through drug regimen. However, drugs have...
Effects of postnatal interventions for the reduction of vertical HIV transmission on infant growth and non-HIV infections: A systematic review
INTRODUCTION: Guidelines in resource-poor settings have progressively included interventions to reduce postnatal HIV transmission through breast milk. In addition to HIV-free survival, infant growth and non-HIV infections should be considered....
Protease inhibitors and avascular necrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a pathological process associated with many medical conditions, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Whether or not the use of protease inhibitors (PIs) confers additional risk...
Antiretroviral adherence interventions: Translating research findings to the real world clinic
The success of potent combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection is compromised primarily by failure to maintain optimal levels of adherence over the long term. Recent reviews suggest behavioral...
Antiretrovirals for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Background Antiretroviral drugs (ARV) reduce viral replication and can reduce mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV either by lowing plasma viral load in pregnant women or through post‐exposure prophylaxis in their newborns....
Interventions to reduce alcohol use among HIV-infected individuals: A review and critique of the literature
Alcohol use disorders are common among HIV-infected individuals and are associated with adverse physiological complications and increased engagement in other health risk behaviors. This paper provides a review and critique...
HIV drug resistance assessment in the Western Pacific region. A systematic review
Antiretroviral therapy is being rapidly scaled-up in Western Pacific region countries. Prevention and assessment of HIV drug resistance is an essential component of successful global antiretroviral therapy scale-up. We performed...
Development and validation of decision rules to guide frequency of monitoring CD4 cell count in HIV-1 infection before starting antiretroviral therapy
Although CD4 cell count monitoring is used to decide when to start antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV-1 infection, there are no evidence-based recommendations regarding its optimal frequency. It is...
Effect of race and/or ethnicity in use of antiretrovirals and prophylaxis for opportunistic infection: A review of the literature
OBJECTIVE: The authors performed a systematic and critical review of published studies investigating potential associations between race and/or ethnicity and use of HIV-related medications, including antiretroviral medications and medications used...
Nonoxynol-9 for preventing vaginal acquisition of sexually transmitted infections by women from men
BACKGROUND: The incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and other reproductive tract infections (RTI) is high in much of the developing and parts of the developed worlds. STIs...
