Category Archives: Prevention, Engagement and Care Cascade

This article provides a comprehensive review of research on the effects of behavioral interventions on heterosexual adolescents’ HIV sexual-risk behavior. It details adolescents’ risk of sexually transmitted HIV infection and...

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that HIV-positive adults with CD4 count ≤500 cells/mm(3) initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART). In many countries of sub-Saharan Africa, CD4 count is not widely available...

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) safety during pregnancy has important public health implications. This review summarizes TDF safety during pregnancy, focusing on pregnancy outcomes, congenital anomaly risk, and other potential toxicities...

Context: Longitudinal studies of bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV have reported conflicting results. Objective: We investigated whether temporal changes in BMD differ by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) status...

BACKGROUND: The profile of HIV infection is constantly changing. Although once viewed as an illness progressing to death, HIV infection now presents as a chronic infection characterized by unpredictable cycles...

Introduction: Over 2 million children are thought to be living with HIV/AIDS worldwide, of whom over 80% live in sub-Saharan Africa. Without anti-retroviral treatment, the risk of HIV transmission from...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the proportion of patients lost to programme (died, lost to follow-up, transferred out) between HIV diagnosis and start of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa, and determine...

Several studies have investigated whether heterozygosity for a 32-basepair deletion in the CC chemokine receptor 5 gene (CCR5-Delta32 ) affects susceptibility to perinatal HIV-1 infection, but results have been inconclusive....

Injecting drug use plays a critical role in the transmission of HIV in Vietnam. This paper provides a comprehensive review of studies on risks of HIV infection among injecting drug...

Administering drugs as fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) versus the same active drugs administered as separate pills is assumed to enhance treatment adherence. We synthesized evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about...

Context: The minimum standard of care required for participants in clinical trials conducted in resource-poor settings is a matter of controversy; international documents offer contradictory guidance. Objective: To determine whether...

Background: Hematologic changes that occur with HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy may impact the quality of life of patients and have been associated with morbidity and mortality. The management of...