Category Archives: Prevention, Engagement and Care Cascade

BACKGROUND: An estimated 260,000 children under the age of 15 years acquired HIV infection in 2012. As much as 42% of mother-to-child transmission is related to breastfeeding. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for...

BACKGROUND: MSM remain at great risk for HIV infection. Program planners and policy makers need descriptions of interventions and quantitative estimates of intervention effects to make informed decisions concerning prevention...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Adolescent girls now represent one of the fastest growing groups of persons infected with HIV. A systematic review was undertaken to identify and critique the most scientifically...

OBJECTIVES: To systematically review published studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention programs targeting the world’s military populations. METHODS: We systematically searched eight electronic databases (publications from...

BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infections (STI) are common in developing countries. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that in 1999, 340 million new cases of syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydial infection and trichomoniasis...

The article presents a review of approaches and methodologies in the evaluation of STD/AIDS prevention programs, searching for theoretical and methodological support for the institutionalization of evaluation and decision-making. The...

Purpose: To systematically review and update evidence on the effectiveness of youth HIV/AIDS prevention interventions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to make evidence-based policy recommendations to guide efforts toward meeting...

CONTEXT: It is not established whether the condom is as effective at preventing heterosexual transmission of HIV as it is for preventing conception. An overall estimate of condom effectiveness for...

BACKGROUND: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has become one of the greatest challenges to global public health. In 2007 UNAIDS estimated that 33.2 million people were living with HIV. Currently...

Objective: To review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of osteoporosis in patients with HIV infection and discuss vitamin D deficiency and the treatment of HIV-positive patients with osteoporosis. Data Sources: A...

BACKGROUND: Long-term retention of patients in Africa’s rapidly expanding antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs for HIV/AIDS is essential for these programs’ success but has received relatively little attention. In this paper...

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is thought to be involved in the pathogenic and metabolic events associated with HIV-1 infection. We assessed whether carriage of the TNF-alpha gene promoter single...