Category Archives: Prevention, Engagement and Care Cascade
The efficacy of motivational interviewing: A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials
A meta-analysis was conducted on controlled clinical trials investigating adaptations of motivational interviewing (AMIs), a promising approach to treating problem behaviors. AMIs were equivalent to other active treatments and yielded...
Diarrhea associated with lopinavir/ritonavir-based therapy: Results of a meta-analysis of 1469 HIV-1-infected participants
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy is associated with adverse events (AEs). The most frequently reported AE associated with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) containing regimens is diarrhea. The objective of this meta-analysis is to describe...
Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the first generation of HIV prevention interventions for people with severe and persistent mental illness
BACKGROUND: People with serious mental illness are at elevated risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A small body of published research has evaluated the efficacy of HIV prevention interventions...
Vitamin supplementation for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and pre-term delivery: A systematic review of randomized trial including more than 2800 women
Background: Observational studies have suggested that low serum vitamin levels are associated with increased mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV and increased preterm delivery. We aimed to determine the efficacy of...
Behavioral interventions to reduce incidence of HIV, STD, and pregnancy among adolescents: A decade in review
PURPOSE: To review adolescent sexual risk-reduction programs that were evaluated using quasi-experimental or experimental methods and published in the 1990s. We describe evaluated programs and identify program and evaluation issues...
Tipranavir: The first nonpeptidic protease inhibitor for the treatment of protease resistance
Background: Despite the availability of a growing number of potent antiretroviral agents, efforts to completely suppress viral replication in patients with HIV-1 infection are limited because of the increasing risk...
Systematic review of the effectiveness of mass communication programs to change HIV/AIDS-related behaviors in developing countries
This review systematically examined the effectiveness of 24 mass media interventions on changing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. The intervention studies were published from 1990 through 2004,...
Comparisons of disparities and risks of HIV infection in black and other men who have sex with men in Canada, UK, and USA: A meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: We did a meta-analysis to assess factors associated with disparities in HIV infection in black men who have sex with men (MSM) in Canada, the UK, and the USA....
The impact of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) programmes on maternal health care in resource-poor settings: Looking beyond the PMTCT programme – a systematic review
BACKGROUND: There is increasing debate about the impact of scaled-up HIV/AIDS programmes on fragile healthcare systems in low-income countries. OBJECTIVES: To contribute to the understanding of the relation between HIV/AIDS...
Efficacy of behavioral interventions to increase condom use and reduce sexually transmitted infections: A meta-analysis, 1991 to 2010
Objective: In the absence of an effective HIV vaccine, safer sexual practices are necessary to avert new infections. Therefore, we examined the efficacy of behavioral interventions to increase condom use...
