Category Archives: Prevention
Experiences integrating delivery of maternal and child health services with childhood immunization programs: Systematic review update
BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund promote integration of maternal and child health (MCH) and immunization services as a strategy to strengthen immunization programs. We...
Unit costs for delivery of antiretroviral treatment and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: A systematic review for low- and middle-income countries
As antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV/AIDS is scaled up globally, information on per-person costs is critical to improve efficiency in service delivery and to maximize coverage and health impact. The...
Integrating prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programmes with other health services for preventing HIV infection and improving HIV outcomes in developing countries
BACKGROUND: Every year nearly 400,000 children are infected with HIV through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), which is responsible for more than 90% of HIV infections in children. In high-income countries, the...
Interventions to reduce risky sexual behaviour for preventing HIV infection in workers in occupational settings
Background: HIV in the workforce has a negative impact on economic growth and development of affected countries. The workplace provides an important avenue to prevent HIV by providing easy access...
Population-based interventions for reducing sexually transmitted infections, including HIV infection
BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infections (STI) are common in developing countries. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that in 1999, 340 million new cases of syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydial infection and trichomoniasis...
Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the first generation of HIV prevention interventions for people with severe and persistent mental illness
BACKGROUND: People with serious mental illness are at elevated risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A small body of published research has evaluated the efficacy of HIV prevention interventions...
What is the potential for bisexual men in China to act as a bridge of HIV transmission to the female population? Behavioural evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Background: HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China has rapidly increased in recent years. It is suggested that MSM could be a potential bridge of...
Is the sexual behaviour of HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy safe or risky in Sub-Saharan Africa? Meta-analysis and meta-regression
Background: Reports on the sexual behavior of people on antiretroviral therapy (ART) are inconsistent. We selected 14 articles that compared the sexual behavior of people with and without ART for...
Effectiveness of interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections and human immunodeficiency virus in heterosexual men: A systematic review
Our objective was to review systematically studies of interventions to prevent transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in heterosexual men. Of 1157 studies identified through...
HIV infection and sexual risk behaviour among youth who have experienced orphanhood: Systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Previous research has suggested that orphaned children and adolescents might have elevated risk for HIV infection. We examined the state of evidence regarding the association between orphan status and...
Effectiveness of HIV risk reduction interventions among men who have sex with men in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of risk reduction interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes and behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. METHODS: We performed a systematic...
