Category Archives: Prevention

Objective: In the absence of an effective HIV vaccine, safer sexual practices are necessary to avert new infections. Therefore, we examined the efficacy of behavioral interventions to increase condom use...

AIMS: To review evidence on the effectiveness of opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) in prison and post-release. METHODS: Systematic review of experimental and observational studies of prisoners receiving OMT regarding treatment...

BACKGROUND: Homelessness is a widespread problem in the United States. The primary goal of this systematic review is to provide guidance in the development and organization of programs to improve...

BACKGROUND: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV is the dominant mode of acquisition of HIV infection for children, currently resulting in more than 2000 new paediatric HIV infections each day worldwide....

Evidence of the risk of birth defects with efavirenz use is limited. We updated a meta-analysis of birth defects in infants with first trimester efavirenz exposure up to July 2011....

BACKGROUND: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV infection is one of the most tragic consequences of the HIV epidemic, especially in resource-limited countries, resulting in about 650 000 new paediatric HIV...

INTRODUCTION: Guidelines in resource-poor settings have progressively included interventions to reduce postnatal HIV transmission through breast milk. In addition to HIV-free survival, infant growth and non-HIV infections should be considered....

Context: An estimated 6,000 to 7,000 HIV-infected women give birth each year in the United States. Although the number of cases of perinatally acquired HIV infection has declined sharply in...

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review epidemiologic evidence assessing whether hormonal contraception alters the risk of HIV transmission from an HIV-positive woman to an HIV-negative male partner. DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: We...

Operational research is necessary to improve the access to and delivery of tuberculosis prevention, diagnosis and treatment interventions for people living with HIV. We conducted an extensive review of the...

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a meta-analytic review of interventions to reduce HIV individuals’ sexual risk. DESIGN: Studies were included if they examined a deliberate sexual risk-reduction strategy in a sample that...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate evidence for the effectiveness of female controlled physical and chemical barrier methods in preventing STI/HIV transmission, to examine recent reviews on microbicide development, and to highlight promising...