Category Archives: Prevention

Background: Observational studies have suggested that low serum vitamin levels are associated with increased mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV and increased preterm delivery. We aimed to determine the efficacy of...

The global community has set goals of virtual elimination of new child HIV infections and 50 percent reduction in HIV-related maternal mortality by the year 2015. Although much progress has...

BACKGROUND: At the end of 1998 over 33 million people were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and over one million children had been infected from their mothers. OBJECTIVES:...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether integrating antiretroviral therapy (ART) into antenatal care (ANC) and maternal and child health (MCH) clinics could improve programmatic and patient outcomes. METHODS: The authors systematically searched...

Background The majority of HIV-infected children acquire the infection from their mothers. Preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV is a key step in reducing the number of paediatric HIV infections....

Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) have been shown to be efficacious in decreasing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. A summary estimate of the efficacy of ARVs in reducing MTCT is important for...

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a meta-analytic review of interventions to reduce HIV individuals’ sexual risk. DESIGN: Studies were included if they examined a deliberate sexual risk-reduction strategy in a sample that...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate evidence for the effectiveness of female controlled physical and chemical barrier methods in preventing STI/HIV transmission, to examine recent reviews on microbicide development, and to highlight promising...

In June 2000, the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) organized a review of the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of condoms in preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The...

Objective: Efficacious HIV prevention programs designed for heterosexual adults were identified. Methods: Thirty-two programs designed with a comparison group and aimed at preventing heterosexual transmission for HIV were identified utilizing...

The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature on the intersections between HIV and violence and present an agenda for future research to guide policy and programs....

The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to grow in pockets across Asia, despite early successes at curtailing its spread in countries like Thailand. Recent evidence documents dramatic increases in incidence among risk...