Category Archives: Prevention
Missed opportunities for guidance on sexually transmitted infection services: A global review of national HIV PrEP guidance
OBJECTIVES: People who use or would benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV infection are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Integrating STI services when offering PrEP fosters synergies...
Barriers and facilitators to uptake and use of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis in pregnant and postpartum women: A qualitative meta-synthesis
BACKGROUND: Acute HIV infection during pregnancy and in the postpartum period increases the risk of vertical transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended preexposure prophylaxis for pregnant and postpartum...
Pharmacovigilance in pregnancy studies, exposures and outcomes ascertainment, and findings from low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review
Introduction Pharmacovigilance (PV), or the ongoing safety monitoring after a medication has been licensed, plays a crucial role in pregnancy, as clinical trials often exclude pregnant people. It is important...
Clinical pharmacology considerations and drug-drug interactions with long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine relevant to sub-Saharan Africa
Long-acting injectable (LAI) cabotegravir and rilpivirine for HIV treatment and LAI cabotegravir for pre-exposure HIV prophylaxis are being rolled out in a multitude of countries worldwide. Due to the prolonged...
Sexual behavior among emerging adults in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Estimates on sexual behavior (SB) among emerging adults (EmA) is varied in literature, which presents a challenge when designing targeted interventions. We aimed to summarize literature on prevalence and...
Level of HIV serodiscordance and associated factors among heterosexual couples in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
HIV-related causes accounted for approximately 770,000 deaths globally in 2018. Globally, there were 1.7 million new infections, and approximately 37.9 million people were living with HIV by the end of...
Variation of adverse drug events in different settings in Africa: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Adverse drug events (ADEs) represent challenges affecting Africa’s healthcare systems owing to the increased healthcare expenditure and negative health outcomes of ADEs. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to systematically review published...
Low clinical impact of HIV drug resistance mutations in oral pre-exposure prophylaxis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Despite the widespread use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, scant information on HIV drug resistance mutations (DRMs) has been gathered over the past...
Magnitude and risk factors of mother-to-child transmission of HIV among HIV-exposed infants after Option B+ implementation in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major public health challenge in Ethiopia. The objective of this review was to assess the pooled magnitude of...
Assessing structural racism and discrimination along the pre-exposure prophylaxis continuum: A systematic review
Structural racism and discrimination (SRD) is deeply embedded across U.S. healthcare institutions, but its impact on health outcomes is challenging to assess. The purpose of this systematic literature review is...
