Category Archives: Biomedical interventions

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review studies of male circumcision and the risk of HIV-1 infection in men in sub-Saharan Africa, and to summarize the findings in a meta-analysis. DESIGN: A meta-analysis...

BACKGROUND: At the end of 1998 over 33 million people were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and over one million children had been infected from their mothers. OBJECTIVES:...

Background There are 34 million people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide and each year this number increases. Until a vaccine is discovered, the prevention of new HIV infections...

OBJECTIVE: To assess adherence to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for the prevention of HIV infection in victims of sexual assault. METHODS: The authors carried out a systematic review, random effects meta-analysis...

Background: Sexual and reproductive health of young people has become a major health problem in recent decades. Recent and rapidly increasing Human Immune Defi ciency Virus (HIV) rates show an...

Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) have been shown to be efficacious in decreasing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. A summary estimate of the efficacy of ARVs in reducing MTCT is important for...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of antiretroviral therapies in reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection. METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical trials of...

This Cochrane systematic review assesses the evidence for an interventional effect of male circumcision in preventing acquisition of HIV-1 and HIV-2 by men through heterosexual intercourse. The review includes a...

There is considerable scientific evidence supporting the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infections. The complex nature of the HIV and...

Introduction: Over 2 million children are thought to be living with HIV/AIDS worldwide, of whom over 80% live in sub-Saharan Africa. Without anti-retroviral treatment, the risk of HIV transmission from...

Background Antiretroviral drugs (ARV) reduce viral replication and can reduce mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV either by lowing plasma viral load in pregnant women or through post‐exposure prophylaxis in their newborns....

BACKGROUND: Each year more than two million people are newly infected with HIV worldwide, a majority of them through unprotected vaginal sex. More than half of new infections in adults...