Category Archives: Drug use behaviours/harm reduction

Crystal methamphetamine use, sexual risk behaviours and harm reduction among men who have sex with men

2015

Key take-home messages Use of crystal methamphetamine among men who have sex with men has been linked to unprotected sex, sex with multiple partners, sex with partners of unknown serostatus,...

HIV and STI testing among Indigenous women and women who inject drugs

2016

Key take-home messages Rates of HIV and other sexually transmitted and bloodborne infections are high among Indigenous women and women who inject drugs. For women who use drugs, centres that...

Chest compressions and rescue breathing when administering naloxone in opioid overdose

2016

Key take-home messages Opioid overdoses cause respiratory failure (a reduction or stop in breathing), which can lead to cardiac arrest. In the event of a suspected opioid overdose, bystanders should...

Engaging law enforcement in harm reduction programs for people who inject drugs

2016

Key take-home messages Injection drug use is a major contributor to the spread of HIV and Hepatitis C in Canada. Laws and policing practices that govern injection drug use influence...

NARCANĀ® Nasal Spray efficacy for emergency treatment of opioid overdose

2018

Key take-home messages The administration of ready-to-use, needle-free concentrated NARCANĀ® Nasal Spray (containing 4mg of naloxone hydrochloride in low volume of 0.1 mL) results in pharmacokinetic parameters that either equal...

HIV prevalence and correlations in prisons in different regions of the world: A review article

2018

The prevalence of HIV is substantially higher among prisoners than the general population, while the incidence varies considerably in different regions around the world. If we consider Sub-Saharan Africa as...

Social network and HIV risk behaviors in female sex workers: A systematic review

2018

BACKGROUND: Social network characteristics have an important role in understanding HIV transmission among female sex workers. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize and critically appraise the existing...

Injection drug use, HIV/HCV, and related services in nonurban areas of the United States: A systematic review

2018

BACKGROUND: Injection drug use (IDU) in nonurban areas of the United States is a growing public health concern, but there has been no comprehensive assessment of existing research on injection-related...

Integrated models of care for individuals with opioid use disorder: How do we prevent HIV and HCV?

2018

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To describe models of integrated and co-located care for opioid use disorder (OUD), hepatitis C (HCV), and HIV. RECENT FINDINGS: The design and scale-up of multidisciplinary care...

HIV and viral hepatitis among imprisoned key populations

2018

Prisons and other closed facilities create opportunities for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and viral hepatitis during detention and after release. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of...

Health outcomes for clients of needle and syringe programs in prisons

2018

High levels of drug dependence have been observed in the prison population globally, and the sharing of injecting drug equipment in prisons has contributed to higher prevalence of bloodborne diseases...

A systematic review of interventions by healthcare professionals to improve management of non-communicable diseases and communicable diseases requiring long-term care in adults who are homeless

2018

OBJECTIVE: Identify, describe and appraise trials of interventions delivered by healthcare professionals to manage non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and communicable diseases that require long-term care or treatment (LT-CDs), excluding mental health...

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