Category Archives: Substance Use
Does opioid substitution treatment in prisons reduce injecting-related HIV risk behaviours? A systematic review
OBJECTIVES: To review systematically the evidence on opioid substitution treatment (OST) in prisons in reducing injecting-related human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviours. METHODS: Systematic review in accordance with guidelines of...
The association between HIV infection and alcohol use: A systematic review and meta-analysis of African studies
To summarize the association between alcohol use and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection based on studies conducted in Africa, EMBASE and PubMed were searched for African studies that related alcohol...
Geographical representativeness of published and ongoing randomized controlled trials. The example of: Tobacco consumption and HIV infection
Background: The challenge for evidence-based healthcare is to reduce mortality and the burden of diseases. This study aimed to compare where research is conducted to where research is needed for...
Non-injection drug use and HIV disease progression in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy
Little is known about the effects of non-injection drug use (NIDU) on HIV antiretroviral treatment outcomes. We conducted a systematic literature search and identified nine publications from prospective cohort studies...
A systematic review of behavioral and treatment outcome studies among HIV-infected men who have sex with men who abuse crystal methamphetamine
Men who have sex with men (MSM) have the highest incidence of HIV infection in the United States. One of the contributing factors to HIV spread among this group is...
What data are available on the extent of illicit drug use and dependence globally? Results of four systematic reviews
BACKGROUND: We systematically reviewed availability and quality of data on the prevalence of use and dependence on meth/amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioids. METHODS: Multiple search strategies: (a) peer-reviewed literature searches...
The effectiveness and safety of syringe vending machines as a component of needle syringe programmes in community settings
Syringe vending machines (SVMs) have been introduced in Europe and Australasia as part of the effort to increase the availability of sterile needles and syringes to injecting drug users (IDUs)....
Alcohol use and sexual risk behaviors among individuals infected with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis 2012 to early 2013
The purpose of this meta-analytic study is to summarize the current science concerning the (a) prevalence of alcohol use, (b) prevalence of sexual risk behaviors, and (c) association between alcohol...
A meta-analysis of the incidence of non-AIDS cancers in HIV-infected individuals
OBJECTIVE: To estimate summary standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of non-AIDS cancers among HIV-infected individuals compared with general population rates overall and stratified by gender, AIDS, and highly active antiretroviral therapy...
Cancer and the ‘other’ noncommunicable chronic diseases in older people living with HIV/AIDS in resource-limited settings: A challenge to success
Objective: There is considerable research around the morbidity and mortality related to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular disease and diabetes, among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in resource-richer settings. Less...
