Category Archives: Substance Use
Outreach-based HIV prevention for injecting drug users: A review of published outcome data
OBJECTIVE: Over the past decade, a body of observational research has accrued about the effects of outreach-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) interventions for drug users. The authors reviewed the findings...
Descriptive systematic review of Sub-Saharan African studies on the association between alcohol use and HIV infection
The purpose of this review was to identify and assess studies that have quantified the association between alcohol consumption and HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. PubMed, CAB Abstracts and article...
Is smoking tobacco an independent risk factor for HIV infection and progression to AIDS? A systemic review
OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the evidence of the relation between smoking tobacco and HIV seroconversion and progression to AIDS. METHODS: A systematic review was undertaken of studies to look at...
Recreational use of sildenafil by HIV-positive and -negative homosexual/bisexual males
OBJECTIVE: To conduct an epidemiologic review of sildenafil in homosexual and bisexual males focusing on concurrent use with club drugs and/or antiretroviral medications. DATA SOURCES: A search of MEDLINE was...
A systematic review of HIV/AIDS survival and delayed diagnosis among Hispanics in the United States
HIV/AIDS disproportionately affects Hispanics. Our objective was to determine the risk of late diagnosis and rate of survival after HIV/AIDS diagnosis among Hispanics compared to other racial/ethnic groups. We performed...
Are needle and syringe programmes associated with a reduction in HIV transmission among people who inject drugs: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Needle and syringe programmes (NSP) aim to reduce the risk of HIV by providing people who inject drugs (PWID) with sterile injecting equipment. A recent review of reviews (ROR)...
Social and structural factors associated with HIV disease progression among illicit drug users: A systematic review
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review factors associated with HIV disease progression among illicit drug users, focusing on exposures exogenous to individuals that likely shape access and adherence to HIV treatment. DESIGN:...
A review of research on residential programs for people with severe mental illness and co-occurring substance use disorders
Substance use disorder is the most common and clinically significant co-morbidity among clients with severe mental illnesses, associated with poor treatment response, homelessness and other adverse outcomes. Residential programs for...
Alcohol and sexual risk reduction interventions among people living in Russia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Russia has one of the highest rates of alcohol consumption and is experiencing one of the fastest-growing HIV epidemics in the world. Given these co-occurring health problems, we systematically reviewed...
Geographical representativeness of published and ongoing randomized controlled trials. The example of: Tobacco consumption and HIV infection
Background: The challenge for evidence-based healthcare is to reduce mortality and the burden of diseases. This study aimed to compare where research is conducted to where research is needed for...
