Category Archives: Nonmedicinal drugs

HIV remains a significant health concern, but the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed it into a manageable chronic condition. However, weight gain and obesity pose a substantial challenge...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly extended the life expectancy of people with HIV (PWH). However, as this population ages, they face increased risk of social isolation and...

Introduction: Non-fatal opioid overdose (NFOD) is a concerning public health issue that is a risk factor for subsequent fatal overdose. Methods: This systematic review aimed to evaluate all the previous literature using...

BACKGROUND: There was an inequality in utilizing oral and dental healthcare utilization. Although people living with HIV need more oral and dental services they receive less and they have many...

BACKGROUND: Menstrual irregularities significantly distress women living with HIV (WLHIV), impacting their reproductive health and quality of life. Although the underlying mechanism remains inconclusive, studies have outlined possible contributory factors....

Since the first reported cases of perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 1982, a generation born with HIV has reached adulthood. The authors conducted a scoping review of PubMed...

BACKGROUND: Female sex workers (FSWs) are marginalized groups of the population who have limited access to healthcare and a higher risk of HIV infection due to biobehavioral and structural risk...

BACKGROUND: Pregnant Background Pregnant women with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represent a special population in which treatment access remains limited despite its increasing prevalence. A reliable estimate of the...

BACKGROUND: Up to now several studies estimate the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and TB among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Iran; however, their results are inconsistent. This study aimed...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The central tenet of syndemics theory is that disease interactions are driven by social factors, and that these factors have to be understood in order to reduce...

Unhealthy alcohol use is a significant public health concern among ethnic minority immigrant gay, bisexual men, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in North America. The definition...

The phenomenon of chemsex has emerged as an essential public health issue in recent years. This systematic review aimed to investigate currently available harm reduction strategies and to evaluate the...