Category Archives: Nonmedicinal drugs

Syndemics of psychosocial problems and HIV risk: A systematic review of empirical tests of the disease interaction concept

2015

In the theory of syndemics, diseases co-occur in particular temporal or geographical contexts due to harmful social conditions (disease concentration) and interact at the level of populations and individuals, with...

Global epidemiology of HIV among women and girls who use or inject drugs: Current knowledge and limitations of existing data

2015

BACKGROUND: Women and girls who use and inject drugs are a critical population at risk of HIV. In this article, we review data on the epidemiology of drug use and...

Recreational drug use among individuals living with HIV in Europe: Review of the prevalence, comparison with the general population and HIV guidelines recommendations

2015

BACKGROUND: Adherence problems, interactions and higher rate of risk activities have been observed in HIV individuals using recreational drugs. Our aim was to describe recreational drug use in both HIV...

Risk factors of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in China: A systematic review of reviews

2015

BACKGROUND: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are a global challenge. China, once said to have eradicated STIs, is now facing a rapid rise in the prevalence of HIV/STIs. This review of...

Recreational use of sildenafil by HIV-positive and -negative homosexual/bisexual males

2004

OBJECTIVE: To conduct an epidemiologic review of sildenafil in homosexual and bisexual males focusing on concurrent use with club drugs and/or antiretroviral medications. DATA SOURCES: A search of MEDLINE was...

A systematic review of HIV/AIDS survival and delayed diagnosis among Hispanics in the United States

2012

HIV/AIDS disproportionately affects Hispanics. Our objective was to determine the risk of late diagnosis and rate of survival after HIV/AIDS diagnosis among Hispanics compared to other racial/ethnic groups. We performed...

Are needle and syringe programmes associated with a reduction in HIV transmission among people who inject drugs: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2014

BACKGROUND: Needle and syringe programmes (NSP) aim to reduce the risk of HIV by providing people who inject drugs (PWID) with sterile injecting equipment. A recent review of reviews (ROR)...

Social and structural factors associated with HIV disease progression among illicit drug users: A systematic review

2012

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review factors associated with HIV disease progression among illicit drug users, focusing on exposures exogenous to individuals that likely shape access and adherence to HIV treatment. DESIGN:...

A review of research on residential programs for people with severe mental illness and co-occurring substance use disorders

2004

Substance use disorder is the most common and clinically significant co-morbidity among clients with severe mental illnesses, associated with poor treatment response, homelessness and other adverse outcomes. Residential programs for...

HIV risk behavior among adults with severe mental illness: A systematic review

2005

Adults with severe mental illness (SMI) have been disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This systematic review of the empirical literature on SMI documents the prevalence and correlates of HIV...

HIV/AIDS and mental health research in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review

2011

The relationship between mental illness and HIV/AIDS is complex and bidirectional. A significant amount of research has been performed in high-income countries but less is known about HIV and mental...

The age of initiation of drug use and sexual behavior may influence subsequent HIV risk behavior: A systematic review.

2013

Researchers examining injection drug users (IDUs) in drug treatment have been trying for decades to determine the optimal way to intervene to prevent the transmission and spread of human immunodeficiency...

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