Category Archives: Nonmedicinal drugs

OBJECTIVES: To review systematically the evidence on opioid substitution treatment (OST) in prisons in reducing injecting-related human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviours. METHODS: Systematic review in accordance with guidelines of...

Little is known about the effects of non-injection drug use (NIDU) on HIV antiretroviral treatment outcomes. We conducted a systematic literature search and identified nine publications from prospective cohort studies...

We review drug abuse treatment as a means of preventing infection with HIV. Thirty-three studies, with an aggregate of over seventeen thousand subjects, were published in peer-reviewed journals from 1988–1998....

Men who have sex with men (MSM) have the highest incidence of HIV infection in the United States. One of the contributing factors to HIV spread among this group is...

BACKGROUND: We systematically reviewed availability and quality of data on the prevalence of use and dependence on meth/amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioids. METHODS: Multiple search strategies: (a) peer-reviewed literature searches...

Syringe vending machines (SVMs) have been introduced in Europe and Australasia as part of the effort to increase the availability of sterile needles and syringes to injecting drug users (IDUs)....

Objective: There is considerable research around the morbidity and mortality related to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular disease and diabetes, among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in resource-richer settings. Less...

Objective: Efficacious HIV prevention programs designed for heterosexual adults were identified. Methods: Thirty-two programs designed with a comparison group and aimed at preventing heterosexual transmission for HIV were identified utilizing...

The MONET study, comparing darunavir/ritonavir-based triple therapy and monotherapy, has found higher risk of failure in patients with positive HCV serology, but the effects of HCV co-infection on the efficacy...

BACKGROUND: Almost half of all the new HIV infections occur in youth. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a counselling technique that is effective in bringing about positive behavior changes in the...

OBJECTIVE: Over the past decade, a body of observational research has accrued about the effects of outreach-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) interventions for drug users. The authors reviewed the findings...

OBJECTIVE: To conduct an epidemiologic review of sildenafil in homosexual and bisexual males focusing on concurrent use with club drugs and/or antiretroviral medications. DATA SOURCES: A search of MEDLINE was...