Category Archives: Health Systems
The prevalence of low-level viraemia and its association with virological failure in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Low-level viraemia (LLV) following antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) has not received sufficient attention. To the determine the prevalence of LLV and its association with virological...
HIV testing among transgender and other gender-diverse persons in the United States: A scoping review
BACKGROUND: An overview of existing research on HIV testing among transgender and other gender-diverse (TGD) populations in the United States, critical for developing effective future interventions and research, is missing....
The safety of cabotegravir in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: HIV remains an important global public health crisis. Antiretroviral treatment has been essential to suppress viral replication, and in at-risk individuals, antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis drugs (PrEP) lower transmission rates....
Effect of same-day HIV treatment initiation (SDI) on 1-year outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials
Introduction Same-day initiation (SDI) of antiretroviral therapy is recommended for people presenting with HIV who have no contraindications. We reviewed the evidence on SDI interventions in low- and middle-income countries...
Deep sequencing reveals underestimated burden of integrase inhibitor resistance mutations in people living with HIV: A global individual patient data meta-analysis
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) have emerged as cornerstone agents in global antiretroviral therapy, though growing drug resistance presents clinical challenges. Conventional Sanger sequencing may underestimate the burden of low-frequency...
Risk of hepatitis C virus reinfection after direct-acting antiviral treatment among HIV-positive men who have sex with men and people who inject drugs: A systematic review and meta-analysis
The incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection following successful direct-acting antiviral therapy in HIV/HCV co-infected individuals remains a significant public health concern. This study aimed to estimate the reinfection...
Effect of human immunodeficiency virus on lung function and structure: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Rationale: Obstructive lung disease (OLD) pathogenesis includes inhalational (e.g., smoking) and noninhalational mechanisms (e.g., infections). Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been suggested as a novel OLD risk factor. Substantial data...
Efficacy of raltegravir in achieving virological suppression at delivery in HIV-positive pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background The world’s first HIV integrase inhibitor, raltegravir (RAL), has been widely used for the treatment of HIV infection over the past 15 years, and continues benefiting people living with...
Evolving landscape of economic evaluations of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation strategies: A systematic review
INTRODUCTION: Economic evaluations of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and associated implementation strategies guide evidence-based policies, programmes and resource allocation. Since 2015, there has been an evolution in PrEP modalities, implementation...
The prevalence of adverse drug reactions to antiretroviral therapy and associated factors among pediatric patients living with HIV in sub-Saharan African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction The greatest burden of HIV infection is in sub-Saharan African countries. The burden of treatment failure among children living with HIV remains significantly high due to delayed diagnosis and...
Long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine in observational cohort studies: A systematic review on virological failure, resistance and re-suppression outcomes in virally suppressed individuals living with HIV
Introduction Randomized controlled trial evidence suggests that long‐acting injectable (LA‐I) cabotegravir and rilpivirine (CAB+RPV) has similar virological failure (VF) rates to daily oral therapy, but clinical practice evidence is lacking....
Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on the HIV care continuum across global income levels: A mixed-methods systematic review
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions to global healthcare systems, including essential services along the HIV care continuum (HCC). While several studies have examined these impacts in specific countries...
