Category Archives: Health Systems

Efficacy and tolerability of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate based regimen as compared to zidovudine based regimens: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017

BACKGROUND: Although tenofovir (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC)/efavirenz (EFV) and zidovudine (ZDV)/lamivudine (3TC)/efavirenz (EFV) are used as preferred first line regimen, their head-to-head comparison in terms of their efficacy and tolerability was limited....

Improving HIV test uptake and case finding with assisted partner notification services

2017

OBJECTIVE: Despite the enormous expansion of HIV testing services (HTS), an estimated 40% of people with HIV infection remain undiagnosed. To enhance the efficiency of HTS, new approaches are needed....

Harm reduction in name, but not substance: A comparative analysis of current Canadian provincial and territorial policy frameworks

2017

BACKGROUND: In Canada, funding, administration, and delivery of health services-including those targeting people who use drugs-are primarily the responsibility of the provinces and territories. Access to harm reduction services varies...

Can the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target be achieved? A systematic analysis of national HIV treatment cascades

2016

BACKGROUND: In 2014, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) and partners set the ’90-90-90 targets’; aiming to diagnose 90% of all HIV positive people, provide antiretroviral...

HIV and the criminalisation of drug use among people who inject drugs: A systematic review

2017

BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence suggests that laws and policies prohibiting illegal drug use could have a central role in shaping health outcomes among people who inject drugs (PWID). To date, no...

Mapping evidence of interventions and strategies to bridge the gap in the implementation of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme policy in sub-Saharan countries: A scoping review

2017

BACKGROUND: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is a life-saving public health intervention. Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have made significant progress in the programme, but little is known about...

A review of the efficacy and safety of genvoya(R) (elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide) in the management of HIV-1 infection

2017

INTRODUCTION: This review evaluates the efficacy and safety of Genvoya(R) (elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide [EVG/c/TAF/FTC]), a single-tablet regimen used for the management of HIV-1 infection. Phase II and...

HIV screening in pregnant women: A systematic review of cost-effectiveness studies

2017

INTRODUCTION: Vertical transmission represents the major route of HIV infection for children. However, the preventive interventions available are extremely effective. This review summarizes evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of mother-to-child-transmission preventive...

Non-communicable diseases and HIV care and treatment: Models of integrated service delivery

2017

OBJECTIVES: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are a growing cause of morbidity in low-income countries including in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Integration of NCD and HIV services can build...

Deploying aptameric sensing technology for rapid pandemic monitoring

2015

The genome of virulent strains may possess the ability to mutate by means of antigenic shift and/or antigenic drift as well as being resistant to antibiotics with time. The outbreak...

Economic impact of routine opt-out antenatal HIV screening: A systematic review

2017

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the economic impact of routine testing of HIV in antenatal (ANC) settings. BACKGROUND: Many children are being infected with HIV through mother to child transmission (MTCT) of...

Should trained lay providers perform HIV testing? A systematic review to inform World Health Organization guidelines

2017

New strategies for HIV testing services (HTS) are needed to achieve UN 90-90-90 targets, including diagnosis of 90% of people living with HIV. Task-sharing HTS to trained lay providers may...

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