Category Archives: Testing

Retest and treat: A review of national HIV retesting guidelines to inform elimination of mother-to-child HIV transmission (EMTCT) efforts

2019

INTRODUCTION: High maternal HIV incidence contributes substantially to mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) in some settings. Since 2006, HIV retesting during the third trimester and breastfeeding has been recommended by the...

Healthcare workers’ perspectives on the barriers to providing HIV services to children in sub-Saharan Africa

2019

Background: In order to accelerate the HIV response to meet the UNAIDS 90-90-90 indicators for children, healthcare workers need to lead a scale-up of HIV services in primary healthcare settings....

Integration of care for HIV and opioid use disorder

2019

OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify optimal strategies for integrating HIV- and opioid use disorder-(OUD) screening and treatment in diverse settings. DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: We searched Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase,...

Understanding how, why, for whom, and under what circumstances opt-out blood-borne virus testing programmes work to increase test engagement and uptake within prison: A rapid-realist review

2019

BACKGROUND: Prisons represent a unique opportunity to diagnose blood-borne viruses. Opt-out testing is receiving increasing interest, as a result of mounting evidence to suggest that the manner in which a...

Suboptimal recent and regular HIV testing among Black men who have sex with men in the United States: Implications from a meta-analysis

2019

BACKGROUND: The continuum of HIV care among black men who have sex with men (BMSM) continues to be the least favorable in the United States. BMSM are disproportionally HIV-infected-but-unaware, despite...

Human immunodeficiency virus in cadavers: A review

2019

Millions of people are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); however, limited research focuses on post-mortem HIV detection. Post-mortem HIV testing is vital because medical records are not always available,...

Older African Americans and the HIV care continuum: A systematic review of the literature, 2003-2018

2018

Evidence suggests that racial disparities in the HIV care continuum persist in older age groups, particularly among African Americans. The objective of this systematic review was to identify factors that...

Estimating the prevalence of HIV and sexual behaviors among the US transgender population: A review and meta-analysis, 2006-2017

2018

BACKGROUND: Transgender women (transwomen) in the United States have been shown to have high HIV risk with Black and Hispanic transwomen being particularly vulnerable. Growing research on transgender men (transmen)...

HIV, sexually transmitted infection, and substance use continuum of care interventions among criminal justice-involved black men who have sex with men: A systematic review

2018

BACKGROUND: Because Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) experience high rates of both HIV and incarceration relative to other groups, the various stages of criminal justice involvement may...

Cost-effectiveness of HIV screening in high-income countries: A systematic review

2018

INTRODUCTION: Over 2 million people in high-income countries live with HIV. Early diagnosis and treatment present benefits for infected subjects and reduce secondary transmissions. Cost-effectiveness analyses are important to effectively...

Methods to estimate the number of people living with undiagnosed HIV

2019

Key take-home messages At the end of 2016, the Public Health Agency of Canada estimated that 14% of 63,110 individuals living with HIV in Canada were undiagnosed. Different types of...

The association between marijuana use and HIV continuum of care outcomes: A systematic review

2019

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Approximately 77% of HIV-infected adults report lifetime marijuana use. Given the high rates and social acceptability of marijuana use among HIV-infected individuals, it is important to gain...

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