Prevalence of oral high-risk HPV and HPV16 infection among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the natural history of oral HPV in people living with HIV (PLWH). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated oral HPV prevalence among PLWH. METHODS: Studies with ƒ%18-year-old PLWH (n ƒ% 10), published in English, were included from searching four databases: Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate), and APA PsycArticles (EBSCO). The AXIS appraisal tool was used to assess the risk of bias of selected studies. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models, reporting the pooled prevalence (95% CI) for any HPV, HR-HPV, and HPV16. Heterogeneity was quantified via IAý. This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) on December 4, 2024 and is available at [https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NGMFV]. RESULTS: From 37 studies, pooled prevalence among PLWH was: any HPV, 22% (95% CI: 16-29%; IAý = 94%); HR-HPV, 12% (9-16%); HPV16, 4% (3-5%); LR-HPV, 16% (10-24%). HR-HPV prevalence was higher pre-2011 (15% [11-20%]) vs post-2011 (9% [6-14%]) and similar between males (11%; 7-17%) and females (10%; 5-17%) (IAý = 89% and 75%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We observed oral HPV prevalence of 22%, about half of which was due to HR-HPV types, and a decline in HR-HPV prevalence post-2011, suggesting a potential impact of HPV vaccination programs. Our findings highlight the ongoing burden of oral HPV among PLWH and underscore the importance of continued vaccination and prevention efforts

• Epidemiology and Determinants of Health
  • Epidemiology
• Population(s)
  • General HIV+ population
• Co-infections
  • Other