Category Archives: Other

The risk of HIV among women after acquiring a sexually transmitted infection (STI) and considerations for their use of PrEP

2020

Key take-home messages A recent study in the U.S. found that most women who were diagnosed with HIV did not have a reported STI in the past. Another U.S. study...

Pneumococcal vaccination strategies among HIV-infected adult patients: A review of the literature

2019

BACKGROUND/AIM: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of bacterial pneumonia and an important cause of invasive disease. Despite the antiretroviral therapies, adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at...

Diagnosis of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in advanced HIV: A meta-analysis of assay analytical performance

2019

Histoplasmosis is an important cause of mortality in people with advanced HIV, especially in countries with limited access to diagnostic assays. Histoplasmosis can be diagnosed using culture, histopathology, and antibody,...

A meta-analysis assessing diarrhea and pneumonia in HIV-exposed uninfected compared with HIV-unexposed uninfected infants and children

2019

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have demonstrated that HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants and children experience morbidity and mortality at rates exceeding those of their HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) counterparts. We sought to summarize...

Histoplasmosis and tuberculosis co-occurrence in people with advanced HIV

2019

Distinguishing between histoplasmosis, tuberculosis (TB), and co-occurrence of disease is a frequent dilemma for clinical staff treating people with advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. This problem is most frequently...

Effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination against invasive pneumococcal disease among children with and those without HIV infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

BACKGROUND: HIV-infected children are at a higher risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) and its mortality, even in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, an effective vaccination strategy would be...

Global population-level association between herpes simplex virus 2 prevalence and HIV prevalence

2018

BACKGROUND: Our objective was to assess the population-level association between herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) and HIV prevalence. METHODS: Reports of HSV-2 and HIV prevalence were systematically reviewed and synthesized...

Difference in Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence rates due to low and high CD4 counts in patients with HIV/AIDS

2019

Objective: Since symptomatic toxoplasmosis in in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) almost always occurs as a result of reactivation of chronic infection, screening Toxoplasma serology has an important...

Adjuvanted-influenza vaccination in patients infected with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis of immunogenicity and safety

2019

Adjuvanted-influenza vaccination is an efficient method for enhancing the immunogenicity of influenza split-virus vaccines for preventing influenza. However, the medical community’s understanding of its performance in patients infected with HIV...

Strongyloides stercoralis infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and related risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

Strongyloidiasis is caused by nematode infections of the genus Strongyloides, mainly Strongyloides stercoralis, and affects tens of millions of people around the world. S. stercoralis hyperinfection and disseminated strongyloidiasis are...

Case fatality rate and viral aetiologies of acute respiratory tract infections in HIV positive and negative people in Africa: The VARIAFRICA-HIV systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

Background: To set priorities for efficient control of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in Africa, it is necessary to have accurate estimate of its burden, especially among HIV-infected populations. Objectives: To compare...

Immunogenicity and safety of measles vaccine in HIV-infected children: An updated systematic review

2019

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children are at increased risk of measles morbidity and mortality. We searched abstracts from the PubMed, Embase, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences databases for...

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