Category Archives: Tuberculosis
The twin epidemics: Prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection and its associated factors in Ethiopia; A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS are the major public health problems in many parts of the world particularly in resource limited countries like Ethiopia. Although studies have been conducted on the...
Sensitivity and specificity of WHO’s recommended four-symptom screening rule for tuberculosis in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Since 2011, WHO recommends a four-symptom screening rule to exclude active tuberculosis in people living with HIV before starting tuberculosis preventive treatment (ie, absence of current cough, weight loss,...
Prevalence of tuberculosis in HIV-positive prisoners: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV constitute the main burden of infectious diseases worldwide. Imprisonment is an important risk factor for contracting TB, especially among those living with HIV. This systematic review...
Tuberculosis infection and disease in people living with HIV in countries with low tuberculosis incidence
In countries with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence, TB is concentrated in vulnerable populations, including people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), who have a substantially greater risk of TB...
Increased risk of aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss in MDR-TB patients with HIV coinfection
SETTING: A high proportion of individuals with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) develop permanent hearing loss due to ototoxicity caused by injectable aminoglycosides (AGs). The prevalence of AG-induced hearing loss is greatest...
An overview of the case fatality of inpatient severe acute malnutrition in Ethiopia and its association with human immunodeficiency virus/tuberculosis comorbidity — A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Mortality of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a devastating problem in Ethiopia. This study estimated the pooled case fatality ratio of SAM among children <5 y of...
Human immunodeficiency virus in patients with tuberculous meningitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
INTRODUCTION: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -infected individuals are at increased risk for all forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), including tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The current study aimed to investigate the frequency...
Incidence and prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults: A systematic review
The burden of tuberculosis (TB) among adolescents and young adults in endemic settings is poorly characterised. This study aimed to review published and unpublished estimates of the incidence and prevalence...
Active case finding for communicable diseases in prison settings: Increasing testing coverage and uptake among the prison population in the European Union/European Economic Area
Prison populations are disproportionally affected by communicable diseases when compared with the general community because of a complex mix of socioeconomic determinants and environmental factors. Tailored and adequate health care...
Linking private, for-profit providers to public sector services for HIV and tuberculosis co-infected patients: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infectious disease deaths worldwide and is the leading cause of death among people with HIV. The World Health Organization (WHO) has called...
Pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in patients on antituberculosis treatment in high HIV and tuberculosis burden countries: A systematic review
AIMS: Efavirenz (EFV) and Rifampicin-Isoniazid (RH) are cornerstone drugs in HIV-tuberculosis (TB) co-infection treatment but with complex drug interactions, efficacy and safety challenges. We reviewed recent data on EFV and...
Comorbidities and treatment outcomes in multidrug resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Little is known about the impact of comorbidities on multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes. We aimed to examine the effect of human immunodeficiency...
