Category Archives: Tuberculosis
High prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and other mycobacteria among HIV-infected patients in Brazil: A systematic review
There is a little-noticed trend involving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients suspected of having tuberculosis: the triple-treatment regimen recommended in Brazil for years has been potentially ineffective in over 30%...
Adjuvant corticosteroids for tuberculous pericarditis: Promising, but not proven
BACKGROUND: There is controversy regarding the effectiveness of corticosteroids in tuberculous pericarditis, particularly in patients who are immunocompromised by HIV. AIM: To determine the effectiveness of adjuvant corticosteroids in tuberculous...
A systematic review of the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients
Background. High HIV burden countries have experienced a high burden of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients. Objective. To review the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pleural TB in HIV-infected...
Polyneuropathy, anti-tuberculosis treatment and the role of pyridoxine in the HIV/AIDS era: A systematic review
Tuberculosis (TB) is increasing in incidence in certain parts of the world, particularly where there is a co-epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), and it is associated with...
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus infection on recurrence of tuberculosis after rifampin-based treatment: An analytical review
We reviewed 47 prospective studies of recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) after cure to assess the influence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and rifampin treatment. Multivariate regression revealed that...
Diagnosing tuberculosis with urine lipoarabinomannan: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a potential marker of active tuberculosis (TB). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding use of urinary LAM assays for diagnosing active TB. We systematically searched...
Global policy review of antiretroviral therapy eligibility criteria for treatment and prevention of HIV and tuberculosis in adults, pregnant women, and serodiscordant couples
OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the antiretroviral therapy (ART)initiation criteria from national treatment guidelines for 70 countries and determines the extent of consistency with the current World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations....
Prophylaxis for opportunistic infections in patients with HIV infection
OBJECTIVE: To review the efficacy of chemoprophylaxis for opportunistic infections in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DATA SOURCES: English-language articles on the prevention of HIV-related opportunistic infections were...