Category Archives: Tuberculosis

HIV: Prevention of opportunistic infections

2004

INTRODUCTION: Opportunistic infections can occur in up to 40% of people with HIV infection and a CD4 count less than 250/mm3, although the risks are much lower with use of...

Integrated delivery of HIV and tuberculosis services in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review

2011

Tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV and about a quarter of HIV-related deaths are attributed to tuberculosis. In this Review we identify and...

Assessing the effects of HIV/AIDS and TB disease control programmes on health systems in low- and middle-income countries of Southeast Asia: A semi-systematic review of the literature

2013

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature on if and how HIV/AIDS and TB programmes have impacted on general healthcare systems in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. METHODS: Medline,...

CD4+ guided antiretroviral treatment interruption in HIV infection: A meta-analysis

2008

The aim of this meta-analysis study was to evaluate the relative risk of death or AIDS-defining events associated to CD4+ guided treatment interruption in patients with chronic HIV infection. A...

Improving the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of TB among people living with HIV: The role of operational research

2011

Operational research is necessary to improve the access to and delivery of tuberculosis prevention, diagnosis and treatment interventions for people living with HIV. We conducted an extensive review of the...

Review of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related opportunistic infections in sub-Saharan Africa

2005

Understanding the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and opportunistic infections in sub-Saharan Africa is necessary to optimize strategies for the prophylaxis and treatment of opportunistic infections...

Natural history of tuberculosis: Duration and fatality of untreated pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV negative patients: A systematic review

2011

BACKGROUND: The prognosis, specifically the case fatality and duration, of untreated tuberculosis is important as many patients are not correctly diagnosed and therefore receive inadequate or no treatment. Furthermore, duration...

The effect of multiple micronutrient supplementation on mortality and morbidity of HIV-infected adults: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2012

Numerous preclinical studies have suggested that micronutrient status is associated with the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, but results from observational studies are still controversial. The objective was...

HIV prevention, treatment, and care services for people who inject drugs: A systematic review of global, regional, and national coverage

2010

Background: Previous reviews have examined the existence of HIV prevention, treatment, and care services for injecting drug users (IDUs) worldwide, but they did not quantify the scale of coverage. We...

Interferon-y release assays for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2012

Despite the widespread use of interferon- release assays (IGRAs), their role in diagnosing tuberculosis and targeting preventive therapy in HIV-infected patients remains unclear. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review to...

Association between the CD209 promoter -336A/G polymorphism and susceptibility to tuberculosis: A meta-analysis

2012

Background and objective: Dendritic cell-specific intracellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), encoded by the CD209 gene, is a major Mycobacterium tuberculosis receptor on human dendritic cells. The potentially functional -336A/G...

Short-course therapy with rifampin plus isoniazid, compared with standard therapy with isoniazid, for latent tuberculosis infection: A meta-analysis

2005

Background. A major difficulty associated with the use of standard therapy with isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection is poor patient adherence to therapy because of the prolonged course required. Shorter...

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