Category Archives: Epidemiology
A systematic review of sarcopenia prevalence and associated factors in people living with human immunodeficiency virus
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) appear to be at an increased risk of sarcopenia, which can have a devastating effect on their life due to consequences such...
Association of hospitalization rate, mortality, and CD4 T cell count with comorbidity of COVID-19 and HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Epidemiological data demonstrate the greater severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV patients along with the more hospitalization, and mortality rates. Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to assess the possible differences in...
Uncovering the NAFLD burden in people living with HIV from high- and middle-income nations: A meta-analysis with a data gap from Subsaharan Africa
INTRODUCTION: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a significant concern among people living with HIV (PLHIV), albeit its burden remains unclear. The primary objective of this systematic review (SR)...
Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia: A review of management in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and non-HIV immunocompromised patients
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is an opportunistic fungal infection that was mainly associated with pneumonia in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. There has been a decline in Pneumocystis...
HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis use on a global scale among men who have sex with men: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Knowledge of the proportion of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) use among men who have sex with men (MSM) and the specific gaps in PrEP use can stimulate enhanced focus on HIV...
Prediction models for cardiovascular disease risk among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: HIV continues to be a major global health issue. The relative risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people living with HIV (PLWH) was 2.16 compared to non-HIV-infections. The prediction of...
Neurocognitive impairment and associated factors among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis of African studies
BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive impairment (NCI) is one of the most common neurological complications in HIV-positive individuals, particularly in resource-limited countries. Neurocognitive impairments can occur at any stage of HIV infection, although...
A systematic review of the association between smoking exposure and HPV-related cervical cell abnormality among women living with HIV: Implications for prevention strategies
This study aims to evaluate the association between smoking exposure and human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cervical abnormalities among women living with HIV (WLWH). By conducting a systematic review of the current...
Epidemiology of injecting drug use, prevalence of injecting-related harm, and exposure to behavioural and environmental risks among people who inject drugs: A systematic review
Background People who inject drugs are exposed to various and changing risk environments and are at risk of multiple harms related to injecting drug use (IDU). We aimed to undertake...
Selected inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers pre-viral suppression in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection without overt cardiovascular disease: Is there a need to redefine reference indices?
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is prevalent in Africa and causes morbidity and mortality despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). Non-communicable complications of HIV infection include cardiovascular disease (CVD) with thromboses throughout the vascular tree....
Comparison of clinical manifestations in mpox patients living with HIV versus without HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
INTRODUCTION: Currently, many cases of mpox patients living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been reported. Immunocompromised mpox patients including those living with HIV are noted for an increased...
Nutritional status and its determinants among adolescents with HIV on anti-retroviral treatment in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Purpose This review aimed to determine what methods are used to assess nutritional status, the levels of nutritional status, determinants of undernutrition, and nutritional interventions employed for adolescents with HIV...
