Category Archives: Epidemiology and Determinants of Health

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is the oldest infectious disease and it is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Even though several primary studies have been conducted on the incidence...

Men who have sex with men (MSM) in the USA were the first population to be identified with AIDS and continue to be at very high risk of HIV acquisition....

Purpose: Transgender (trans) populations experience health inequities. Gender affirmation refers to psychological, social, legal, and medical validation of one’s gender and is a key social determinant of trans health. The...

Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) under 25 years old are among the few populations with increasing numbers of new HIV infections in parts of the world where...

BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of Pneumocystis jirovecii, known to colonize the respiratory tract and cause a life-threatening HIV-associated pneumonia (PCP), is poorly described in Africa. We conducted a systematic review to...

Background: A recurrent tuberculosis (TB) episode results from exogenous reinfection or relapse after cure. The use of genotyping allows the distinction between both. Methods: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis, using four...

BACKGROUND: People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are at increased risk of stigma and mental illness, and this appears to be a particular issue in South Africa, which is home to...

BACKGROUND: South Africa has made enormous progress in reducing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), however, MTCT and AIDS related death persist among children particularly in the rural...

OBJECTIVES: To present the epidemiology, social and cultural factors driving the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Caribbean region and to highlight the regional...

HIV-related stigma has been shown to negatively affect the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people living with HIV. Women living with HIV (WLWH) suffer greater consequences from stigma on...

Susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the risk of mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA) is largely unknown....

Guinea-Bissau suffers from political instability and an unusually high HIV/AIDS burden compared to other countries in the West Africa region. We conducted a systematic review on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in...