Category Archives: Population(s)
Adverse psychosocial factors predict poorer prognosis in HIV disease: A meta-analytic review of prospective investigations
There is a growing epidemiological literature focusing on the association between psychosocial stress and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but inconsistent findings have been...
Abstinence-only programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries
Background: Abstinence-only interventions promote sexual abstinence as the only means of preventing sexual acquisition of HIV; they do not promote safer-sex strategies (e.g., condom use). Although abstinence-only programs are widespread,...
A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of alternative HIV counseling and testing methods to increase knowledge of HIV status
BACKGROUND: Alternatives to conventional HIV counseling and testing (HIV-CT) have been used to improve receipt of HIV test results. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of alternative HIV-CT methods on the...
Material and social incentives to participation in behavioral interventions: A meta-analysis of gender disparities in enrollment and retention in experimental human immunodeficiency virus prevention interventions.
Objective: A meta-analysis was conducted to test theoretical hypotheses about the predictors of enrollment and completion of condom-use-promotion interventions among men and women. Design: A meta-analysis summarized research reports of...
Effectiveness of aerobic exercise in adults living with HIV/AIDS: Systematic review
PURPOSE: The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness and safety of aerobic exercise interventions on immunological/virological, cardiopulmonary, and psychological outcomes in adults living with HIV/AIDS. METHODS:...
Emergence of drug resistance in HIV type 1-infected patients after receipt of first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review of clinical trials
Background. Resistance to antiretroviral combination therapy is associated with increased mortality. Understanding the relative risks of emerging resistance to first-line therapy is of importance for both resource-rich and resource-poor settings....
HIV and sexual risk behaviors among recognized high-risk groups in Bangladesh: Need for a comprehensive prevention program
OBJECTIVE: To examine trends in HIV and related risk behaviors among recognized high-risk groups in Bangladesh, the types and extent of prevention initiatives that have been undertaken, and highlight the...
Vertically acquired paediatric HIV infection: the challenges of providing comprehensive packages of care in resource-limited settings
The successes achieved in paediatric disease management in well-resourced countries in recent years highlight the vast divide between the care options, and ultimately survival, between developed and developing areas of...
Impact of small reductions in plasma HIV RNA levels on the risk of heterosexual transmission and disease progression
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the impact of small changes in plasma levels of HIV-1 RNA on the risk of heterosexual transmission or disease progression to an AIDS-defining event or death. DESIGN...
Behavioral interventions to reduce HIV-related sexual risk behavior: review and synthesis of meta-analytic evidence
Over the past 25 years, scores of behavioral interventions to reduce HIV-related sexual risk behavior have been developed and evaluated. The purpose of the current study was to synthesize what...
