Category Archives: Population(s)

OBJECTIVE: Over the past decade, a body of observational research has accrued about the effects of outreach-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) interventions for drug users. The authors reviewed the findings...

CONTEXT: Patients with HIV may have increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease owing to multiple biological mechanisms. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evidence for subclinical atherosclerosis among patients with HIV. DESIGN:...

BACKGROUND: The emergence of viral resistance is one of the greatest challenges in the treatment of HIV infection. Maraviroc is the first member of a new class of antiretroviral medications,...

The genetic diversity of HIV-1 has required its classification into types and subtypes. There is controversy as to how and to what extent genetic diversity may affect the emergence of...

BACKGROUND: Evidence-based strategies have made it possible to limit mother-to-child transmission of the HI-virus to a large extent and enable HIV-positive women to stay healthy for longer, provided their HIV...

Background. The effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease remains uncertain. Therefore, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to examine...

Advances in antiretroviral medications have resulted in precipitous declines in HIV-associated morbidity and mortality; however, high levels of adherence are crucial to the success of HIV therapies. This article reviews...

Despite an estimated 70,000 Indian children living with HIV infection, little is known about India’s pediatric HIV epidemic. Generalizations about epidemiology, natural history, and treatment outcomes from other resource-limited settings...

OBJECTIVE: Systematically assess from the literature whether women living with HIV who use hormonal contraception are at increased risk of HIV-disease progression compared with those who do not use hormonal...

BACKGROUND: Since 2009, several studies have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the gene encoding for interleukin (IL)-28 (IL28B) that are strongly associated with spontaneous and treatment-induced hepatitis C virus (HCV)...

Summary: Adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is generally suboptimal, limiting the effectiveness of HAART. This meta-analytic review examined whether behavioral interventions addressing HAART adherence are successful in increasing...

Despite recent changes in the epidemiology of HIV infection and malaria and major improvements in their control, these diseases remain two of the most important infectious diseases and global health...