Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)
Causal effects of education on sexual and reproductive health in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Despite strong theoretical grounding, important gaps in knowledge remain regarding the degree to which there is a causal relationship between education and sexual and reproductive health, as many claims have...
Immunogenicity and safety of measles vaccine in HIV-infected children: An updated systematic review
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children are at increased risk of measles morbidity and mortality. We searched abstracts from the PubMed, Embase, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences databases for...
Safety and immunogenicity of measles vaccination in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children have an increased risk of measles that may be due to altered immune responses or suboptimal timing of measles vaccination. We aimed to...
Risk factors for indeterminate interferon-gamma release assay for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in children-A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) are well-established immunodiagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB) in adults. In children these tests are associated with higher rates of false-negative and indeterminate results. Age is...
Recent interventions to improve retention in HIV care and adherence to antiretroviral treatment among adolescents and youth: A systematic review
Adolescents represent a growing proportion of people living with HIV worldwide and the highest risk population group for treatment attrition and AIDS-related mortality. There is an urgent need to design,...
Pulmonary hypertension in the global population of adolescents and adults living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of PH in adolescents and adults living with HIV at the global level. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and...
HIV, syphilis, and viral hepatitis among Latin American indigenous peoples and Afro-descendants: A systematic review
Objective: To identify and summarize existing literature on the burden of HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and viral hepatitis (VH) in indigenous peoples and Afro-descendants in Latin America to provide...
A realist review of infant feeding counselling to increase exclusive breastfeeding by HIV-positive women in sub Saharan-Africa: What works for whom and in what contexts
BACKGROUND: The most recent World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and infant feeding promotes exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in resource limited settings for the prevention of mother...
In utero exposure to HIV and/or antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence of cognitive outcomes
INTRODUCION: With the increasing number of children exposed to HIV or antiretroviral therapy in utero, there are concerns that this population may have worse neurodevelopmental outcomes compared to those who...
Retest and treat: A review of national HIV retesting guidelines to inform elimination of mother-to-child HIV transmission (EMTCT) efforts
INTRODUCTION: High maternal HIV incidence contributes substantially to mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) in some settings. Since 2006, HIV retesting during the third trimester and breastfeeding has been recommended by the...
Strength-based interventions for HIV prevention and sexual risk reduction among girls and young women: A resilience-focused systematic review
Despite significant public health efforts, girls and young women still face gender-specific barriers to achieving optimal physical and mental health. Public health interventions have historically addressed the health needs of...
The burden of vaccine-preventable diseases among HIV-infected and HIV-exposed children in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
There are knowledge gaps regarding evidence-based research on the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-exposed children aged
