Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)

Stigma as experienced by children of HIV-positive parents: A narrative review

2019

This narrative review examines the effects on children of stigma by association with an HIV-positive parent. It expands on previous reviews by including all HIV-affected children, whether orphaned or living...

Anthroponotic transmission of cryptosporidium parvum predominates in countries with poorer sanitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

BACKGROUND: Globally cryptosporidiosis is one of the commonest causes of mortality in children under 24 months old and may be associated with important longterm health effects. Whilst most strains of...

Systematic mapping of relationship-level protective factors and sexual health outcomes among sexual minority youth: The role of peers, parents, partners, and providers

2018

Sexual minority youth (SMY) experience elevated rates of adverse sexual health outcomes. Although risk factors driving these outcomes are well studied, less attention has been paid to protective factors that...

Socio-structural factors influencing the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the democratic republic of the Congo: A systematic review

2019

Introduction The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) had the second-highest mother-to-child HIV transmission rate in Sub-Saharan Africa at 29% in 2013, however the uptake of preventive services for mother-to-child...

Postpartum women living with HIV: Challenges related to retention in care, treatment adherence, and mental health

2018

Key take-home messages Postpartum women living with HIV may find it challenging to remain engaged in HIV care and achieve optimal adherence to antiretroviral medications. Late entry or suboptimal engagement...

Experiences of the HIV cascade of care among indigenous peoples: A systematic review

2019

Indigenous leaders remain concerned that systemic oppression and culturally unsafe care impede Indigenous peoples living with HIV from accessing health services that make up the HIV cascade of care. We...

Paediatric postdischarge mortality in developing countries: A systematic review

2018

OBJECTIVES: To update the current evidence base on paediatric postdischarge mortality (PDM) in developing countries. Secondary objectives included an evaluation of risk factors, timing and location of PDM. DESIGN: Systematic...

Screening for HIV and linkage to care in adolescents: Insights from a systematic review of recent interventions in high- versus low- and middle-income settings

2018

Introduction: Compared to adults, adolescents and young adults have a higher incidence of HIV infection, yet lower rates of HIV testing. Few evidence-based interventions effectively diagnose new HIV infections among...

Transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis in HIV-endemic settings

2018

The emergence and expansion of the multidrug-resistant tuberculosis epidemic is a threat to the global control of tuberculosis. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is the result of the selection of resistance-conferring mutations during...

STI health disparities: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of preventive interventions in educational settings

2018

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to address disparities related to sexual health among students by examining the effectiveness of sexually transmitted infection (STI) preventive interventions in...

Assessment of country policies affecting reproductive health for adolescents in the Philippines

2018

BACKGROUND: Adolescents in the Philippines face many legal, social and political barriers to access sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, putting them at higher risk of unplanned pregnancy, abortion, sexually...

Maternal immunisation to improve the health of HIV-exposed infants

2018

HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants are at an increased risk of many infectious diseases that can contribute to the high mortality seen among HEU children. Maternal immunisation could be a...

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