Category Archives: Children or Youth (less than 18 years old)
Global, regional, and national estimates of pneumonia burden in HIV-infected children in 2010: A meta-analysis and modelling study
BACKGROUND: Globally, pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children younger than 5 years. Underlying HIV infection is an important risk factor for pneumonia morbidity and mortality...
Contemporary issues on the epidemiology and antiretroviral adherence of HIV-infected adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: A narrative review
INTRODUCTION: Adolescents are a unique and sometimes neglected group in the planning of healthcare services. This is the case in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where more than eight out...
Factors associated with parental non-adoption of infant male circumcision for HIV prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and thematic synthesis
Infant male circumcision (IMC) may be more effective at preventing HIV than adult male circumcision as the procedure is carried out before the individual becomes sexually active. Successful scale-up will...
The uptake of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programs in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: No systematic review of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) in China has been performed. We aimed to estimate the uptake of PMTCT programs services in China. METHODS:...
Disclosure of HIV status to HIV-positive children 12 and under: A systematic cross-national review of implications for health and well-being
WHO estimates that 3.4 million children were living with HIV at the end of 2011, 91% of them in sub-Saharan Africa. Until recently, a largely descriptive literature documented wide variability...
Metabolic complications of in utero maternal HIV and antiretroviral exposure in HIV-exposed infants
BACKGROUND: Despite a wide body of literature supporting the use of antenatal antiretrovirals (ARV) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, there remains a need for continued monitoring as the intrauterine...
Systematic review and meta-analysis of community and facility-based HIV testing to address linkage to care gaps in sub-Saharan Africa
HIV testing and counselling is the first crucial step for linkage to HIV treatment and prevention. However, despite high HIV burden in sub-Saharan Africa, testing coverage is low, particularly among...
A systematic review of nutritional supplementation in HIV-infected children in resource-limited settings
BACKGROUND: In resource-limited settings, malnutrition is the major cause of death in young children, but the precise benefits of nutritional supplementation for HIV-infected children are not well understood. METHODS: Two...
The effectiveness of community interventions targeting HIV and AIDS prevention at young people in developing countries
OBJECTIVE: To identify successful HIV/AIDS prevention interventions targeting youths and delivered in geographically bounded communities (for example, rural villages, urban settlements or neighbourhoods) in developing countries. METHODS: A systematic review...
Lessons learned from a review of interventions for adolescent and young key populations in Asia Pacific and opportunities for programming
BACKGROUND: Over a third of new HIV infections globally are among 15-24 year-olds and over 20% among adolescents aged 10-19 years in Asia Pacific. The review was initiated to identify...
