Category Archives: People who use drugs
Substance use screening in HIV care settings: A review and critique of the literature
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: People living with human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS (PLWHA) experience high prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD). HIV care settings represent a unique opportunity to identify possible SUD, to...
Elimination of HIV transmission through novel and established prevention strategies among people who inject drugs
Despite the effectiveness of existing HIV prevention strategies for people who inject drugs (PWID), uncontrolled outbreaks of HIV among this group are common and occur around the world. In this...
Trends and emerging directions in HIV risk and prevention research in the Philippines: A systematic review of the literature
BACKGROUND: The Philippines is experiencing one of the fastest growing epidemics globally. Evidence-based public health policies are needed. To describe the public health literature on HIV risk groups and prevention...
A meta-analysis of the association between needle exchange programs and HIV seroconversion among injection drug users
We assessed the association between different levels of needle exchange program (NEP) use and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversion in the injecting drug user (IDU) population using meta-analysis to aggregate...
A systematic review of adherence to oral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV — How can we improve uptake and adherence?
INTRODUCTION: Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective strategy to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in high risk individuals. However, the effectiveness of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis is highly dependent...
Cost-effectiveness of HIV screening in high-income countries: A systematic review
INTRODUCTION: Over 2 million people in high-income countries live with HIV. Early diagnosis and treatment present benefits for infected subjects and reduce secondary transmissions. Cost-effectiveness analyses are important to effectively...
Evolving models and ongoing challenges for HIV preexposure prophylaxis implementation in the United States
BACKGROUND: The use of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2012, but delivery to at-risk persons has lagged. This critical review...
Economic evaluations of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV
Key take-home messages Economic evaluations of health care interventions can inform resource allocation and policy development. However, interpreting and generalizing results can be challenging. PrEP can be cost-effective or cost-saving...
NARCAN® Nasal Spray efficacy for emergency treatment of opioid overdose
Key take-home messages The administration of ready-to-use, needle-free concentrated NARCAN® Nasal Spray (containing 4mg of naloxone hydrochloride in low volume of 0.1 mL) results in pharmacokinetic parameters that either equal...
