Category Archives: Treatment

Patient-reported barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review

2017

OBJECTIVE: To identify the range and frequency of patient-reported barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). DESIGN: Studies from 2005-2016 were identified by searching 10...

Patient-reported barriers to adherence to antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2016

BACKGROUND: Maintaining high levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a challenge across settings and populations. Understanding the relative importance of different barriers to adherence will help inform the...

Challenges in the evaluation of interventions to improve engagement along the HIV care continuum in the United States: A systematic review

2017

In the United States (US), there are high levels of disengagement along the HIV care continuum. We sought to characterize the heterogeneity in research studies and interventions to improve care...

Clostridium difficile: A healthcare-associated infection of unknown significance in adults in sub-Saharan Africa

2016

BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) causes a high burden of disease in high-resource healthcare systems, with significant morbidity, mortality, and financial implications. CDI is a healthcare-associated infection for which the...

Conceptualizing care continua: Lessons from HIV, hepatitis C virus, tuberculosis and implications for the development of improved care and prevention continua

2017

BACKGROUND: To examine the application of continuum models to tuberculosis, HIV, and other conditions; to theorize the concept of continua; and to learn lessons that could inform the development of...

A review of single-tablet regimens for the treatment of HIV-1 infection

2017

OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacokinetics, safety, drug-drug interactions, and advantages and disadvantages of currently available single-tablet regimens (STRs) for HIV-1 infection. DATA SOURCES: A search using PubMed was conducted (up...

Acupuncture for the treatment of peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017

OBJECTIVES: Neuropathy and its associated pain pose great therapeutic challenges. While there has been a recent surge in acupuncture use and research, little remains known about its effects on nerve...

Alcohol use disorder and its impact on chronic hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections

2016

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection frequently co-occur. AUD is associated with greater exposure to HCV infection, increased HCV infection persistence, and more extensive liver damage...

The impact of HIV and antiretroviral therapy on TB risk in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017

BACKGROUND: Children (

Interventions to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

2017

BACKGROUND: High adherence to antiretroviral therapy is crucial to the success of HIV treatment. We evaluated comparative effectiveness of adherence interventions with the aim of informing the WHO’s global guidance...

Feasibility of antiretroviral treatment monitoring in the era of decentralized HIV care: A systematic review

2017

BACKGROUND: Regular monitoring of HIV patients who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) is required to ensure patient benefits and the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of ART programs. Prompted by WHO...

Timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017

BACKGROUND: Although lifelong combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is recommended for all individuals with HIV, few data exist for pregnancy outcomes associated with ART initiation before conception. We assessed adverse pregnancy...

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