Category Archives: Treatment
Persistent difficulties in switching to second-line ART in sub-saharan Africa — A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVES: Switching to second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) largely depends on careful clinical assessment and access to biological measurements. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the incidence of...
Immediate versus deferred zidovudine (AZT) in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic HIV infected adults
BACKGROUND: Zidovudine (AZT) monotherapy was the first antiretroviral drug to be tested widely. Subsequent trials in asymptomatic or early symptomatic HIV infection indicated short-term delays in disease progression with AZT,...
Immunological and virological benefits resulted from short-course treatment during primary HIV infection: A meta-analysis
OBJECTIVES: To assess the potential immunological and virological effects that result from short-course antiretroviral treatment during primary HIV infection (PHI). And to investigate whether treatment initiation time, treatment duration and...
Smoking-cessation interventions in people living with HIV infection: A systematic review
Tobacco smoking remains a prevalent behavior in people living with HIV infection (PLWHs) and is associated with impaired immune functioning, increased cardiovascular risk, and decreased response to antiretroviral therapy. This...
The impact of participation in performing arts on adolescent health and behaviour: A systematic review of the literature
This article reports a systematic review of literature published between 1994 and 2004 on the effects of performing arts for health in young people aged 11-18. The review includes research...
Unit costs for delivery of antiretroviral treatment and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: A systematic review for low- and middle-income countries
As antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV/AIDS is scaled up globally, information on per-person costs is critical to improve efficiency in service delivery and to maximize coverage and health impact. The...
Social and structural factors associated with HIV disease progression among illicit drug users: A systematic review
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review factors associated with HIV disease progression among illicit drug users, focusing on exposures exogenous to individuals that likely shape access and adherence to HIV treatment. DESIGN:...
High mortality amongst adolescents and adults with bacterial meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa: An analysis of 715 cases from Malawi
Mortality from bacterial meningitis in African adults is significantly higher than those in better resourced settings and adjunctive therapeutic interventions such as dexamethasone and glycerol have been shown to be...