Category Archives: Prevention, Engagement and Care Cascade
Limited benefit of antiretroviral resistance testing in treatment-experienced patients: A meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effectiveness of resistance assessments based on viral sequencing (genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing, GART), phenotypic antiretroviral resistance testing (PART) or virtual PART (vPART) in the management of...
Relative risk of renal disease among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has substantially decreased mortality and HIV-related morbidity. However, other morbidities appear to be more common among PLHIV than in the general population. This study aimed to estimate...
Sildenafil use, sexual risk behavior, and risk for sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV infection
PURPOSE: To determine the rates of sildenafil (Viagra) use among different populations, primarily among men who have sex with men, and to measure the association of sildenafil use with increased...
Antiretroviral regimens for patients with HIV who fail first-line antiretroviral therapy
BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral therapy has reduced the morbidity and mortality of patients with HIV/AIDS. A common first-line ART regimen includes a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and two nucleoside...
Post-HAART outcomes in pediatric populations: Comparison of resource-limited and developed countries
CONTEXT: No formal comparison has been made between the pediatric post-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) outcomes of resource-limited and developed countries. OBJECTIVE: To systematically quantify and compare major baseline characteristics...
Efficacy of computer technology-based HIV prevention interventions: A meta-analysis
OBJECTIVES: To conduct a meta-analysis of computer technology-based HIV prevention behavioral interventions aimed at increasing condom use among a variety of at-risk populations. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing...
The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on high-risk behaviour of HIV-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa
INTRODUCTION: High-risk sexual behaviors such as multiple sexual partners, inconsistent condom use, acquisition of sexually transmitted infection (STIs), and non-use of contraceptives persist in HIV patients undergoing care. We conducted...
Effects of HIV counseling and testing on sexual risk behavior: A meta-analytic review of published research, 1985-1997
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether HIV counseling and testing leads to reductions in sexual risk behavior. METHODS: The meta-analysis included 27 published studies that provided sexual behavior outcome data, assessed...
Interventions to increase antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of evaluation studies
The success of potent antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV infection is primarily determined by the level of medication adherence. We systematically review the evidence on effectiveness of interventions to enhance...
Behavioral interventions to reduce the transmission of HIV infection among sex workers and their clients in high-income countries
BACKGROUND: Interventions to change behaviour among sex workers and their clients have been identified as a strategy to reduce HIV transmission. However, there has been no systematic review that has...
Global policy review of antiretroviral therapy eligibility criteria for treatment and prevention of HIV and tuberculosis in adults, pregnant women, and serodiscordant couples
OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the antiretroviral therapy (ART)initiation criteria from national treatment guidelines for 70 countries and determines the extent of consistency with the current World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations....
