Category Archives: Biomedical interventions

Effective approaches for programming to reduce adolescent vulnerability to HIV infection, HIV risk, and HIV-related morbidity and mortality: A systematic review of systematic reviews

2014

BACKGROUND: In 2012, an estimated 2.1 million adolescents were living with HIV. Though there are effective interventions to prevent and treat HIV infection, adolescents face specific barriers in accessing them....

HIV, HCV, and health-related harms among women who inject drugs: Implications for prevention and treatment

2015

BACKGROUND: Although an estimated 3.5 million women inject drugs globally, women are outnumbered 4 to one by men who inject drugs and are often ignored or overlooked in the development...

Optimizing ART adherence: Update for HIV treatment and prevention

2014

Optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is central to achieving viral suppression and positive health outcomes in HIV-infected individuals. Virally suppressed individuals can also reduce the risk of HIV transmission...

Cobicistat: A new opportunity in the treatment of HIV disease?

2014

INTRODUCTION: Cobicistat (Cobi), a selective novel CYP3A4 inhibitor, is an orally administered, non-antiretroviral pharmacokinetic enhancer which boosts the plasma levels of several drugs, including HIV-1 protease inhibitors and the integrase...

Starter packs versus full prescription of antiretroviral drugs for postexposure prophylaxis: A systematic review

2015

BACKGROUND: The provision of starter packs for human immunodeficiency virus postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is practiced in many settings to facilitate rapid initiation by nonexperts and encourage adherence. However, the impact...

Barriers to successful implementation of prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) of HIV programmes in Malawi and Nigeria: A critical literature review study

2014

Mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV still remains a significant route of new HIV infection in children in Malawi and Nigeria, despite the introduction of Prevention-of-Mother-to-Child-Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV programmes in both...

Pharmacologic management of human immunodeficiency virus wasting syndrome

2014

Pharmacologic interventions for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) wasting have been studied since the 1990s, but the results of these interventions have been difficult to compare because the studies used different...

Choice of antiretroviral drugs for postexposure prophylaxis for children: A systematic review

2015

BACKGROUND: This systematic review aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of antiretroviral options for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). Recognizing the limited data on the safety and efficacy of antiretroviral drugs...

Elevations in serum creatinine with tenofovir-based HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: A meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials

2016

No abstract.

Experience of persistent psychological symptoms and perceived stigma among people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART): A systematic review

2014

BACKGROUND: Advances in HIV care have resulted in increasing numbers of HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy and achieving viral control. This has led to a focus on the biomedical aspects...

Choice of antiretroviral drugs for postexposure prophylaxis for adults and adolescents: A systematic review

2015

BACKGROUND: The choice of preferred regimens for human immunodeficiency virus postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) has evolved over the last 2 decades as more data have become available regarding the safety and...

Does this adult patient have early HIV infection?: The Rational Clinical Examination systematic review

2014

IMPORTANCE: Timely identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adults can contribute to reduced mortality and likelihood of further HIV transmission. During the first 6 months after infection, known...

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