Category Archives: Biomedical interventions
Hormonal contraception and the risk of HIV acquisition: An individual participant data meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Observational studies of a putative association between hormonal contraception (HC) and HIV acquisition have produced conflicting results. We conducted an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis of studies from sub-Saharan...
Effect of rAd5-Vector HIV-1 preventive vaccines on HIV-1 acquisition: A participant-level meta-analysis of randomized trials
BACKGROUND: Three phase 2b, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized efficacy trials have tested recombinant Adenovirus serotype-5 (rAd5)-vector preventive HIV-1 vaccines: MRKAd5 HIV-1 gag/pol/nef in Step and Phambili, and DNA/rAd5 HIV-1 env/gag/pol in...
Lessons learned from a review of interventions for adolescent and young key populations in Asia Pacific and opportunities for programming
BACKGROUND: Over a third of new HIV infections globally are among 15-24 year-olds and over 20% among adolescents aged 10-19 years in Asia Pacific. The review was initiated to identify...
Introduction of rapid syphilis testing in antenatal care: A systematic review of the impact on HIV and syphilis testing uptake and coverage
BACKGROUND: Global guidelines recommend universal syphilis and HIV screening for pregnant women. Rapid syphilis testing (RST) may contribute toward achievement of universal screening. OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of RST...
The uptake of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programs in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: No systematic review of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) in China has been performed. We aimed to estimate the uptake of PMTCT programs services in China. METHODS:...
Randomised controlled trials in Africa of HIV and AIDS: Descriptive study and spatial distribution
OBJECTIVES: To identify and describe randomised controlled trials on HIV and AIDS conducted in Africa and to map their spatial distribution using exact geographic coordinates. DESIGN: Construction and analysis of...
Male circumcision and risk of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review studies of male circumcision and the risk of HIV-1 infection in men in sub-Saharan Africa, and to summarize the findings in a meta-analysis. DESIGN: A meta-analysis...
Adherence to HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in victims of sexual assault: A systematic review and meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: To assess adherence to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for the prevention of HIV infection in victims of sexual assault. METHODS: The authors carried out a systematic review, random effects meta-analysis...
Young people’s knowledge, attitude, and behaviour on STI/HIV/AIDS in the context of Nepal: A systematic review
Background: Sexual and reproductive health of young people has become a major health problem in recent decades. Recent and rapidly increasing Human Immune Defi ciency Virus (HIV) rates show an...
