Category Archives: Nonmedicinal drugs

HIV, hepatitis B & C in people who inject drugs in India: A systematic review of regional heterogeneity & overview of opioid substitution treatment

2023

BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: This systematic review evaluates the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) burden among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) in India. In...

Neurological, behavioral, and pathophysiological characterization of the co-occurrence of substance use and HIV: A narrative review

2023

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has greatly reduced the severity of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in people living with HIV (PLWH); however, PLWH are more likely than the general population to use...

Prevalence and risk factors of tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2023

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and risk factors associated with tuberculosis (TB) among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in China. METHODS: A systematic review...

Disentangling opioids-related overdose syndemics: A scoping review

2023

This article reviews research investigating the synergistic interaction of opioid-related morbidity and mortality with other social, psychiatric, and biological conditions, to describe how and why it is syndemic. Opioid-related overdose...

Comparing the effectiveness and adverse events of intranasal and intramuscular naloxone formulations for opioid overdose reversal

2023

Key take-home messages

HIV treatment, antiretroviral adherence and AIDS mortality in people who inject drugs: A scoping review

2023

BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) are a key population for the prevention and care of HIV infection. METHODS: This scoping review covers recent (post-2010) systematic reviews on engagement of...

The impact of multiple-behavior HIV interventions as a function of regional disadvantages: An analysis of syndemics

2023

OBJECTIVE: Disadvantaged populations, including inhabitants of developing countries as well as racial/ethnic and sexual minorities in the United States, are disproportionally burdened by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, delayed HIV...

Prevalence of injecting drug use and HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C in people who inject drugs in the Eastern Mediterranean region: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2023

Background: Considerable disease burden is attributed to injecting drug use (IDU). This regional systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of IDU and the characteristics of people who inject...

Coronavirus (COVID-19) and sexualised drug use among men who have sex with men: A systematic review

2023

Drug-related harms, including harms from sexualised drug use (SDU), are disproportionately experienced by sexual and gender minority people, relative to their majority counterparts. Chemsex, a type of SDU practiced mainly...

Best practices to increase engagement and retention in hepatitis C care among people who use drugs

2023

Key take-home messages

Can contingency management solve the problem of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in drug-dependent individuals?

2023

Drug misuse among people living with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is associated with higher mortality. It is a frequently observed reason for treatment abandonment, with people who misuse drugs showing...

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among people who inject drugs: A global mapping of service delivery

2023

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for all people at substantial risk of HIV as part of combination prevention. The extent to which this recommendation...

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