Category Archives: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are at higher risk of lung cancer, but the impact of HIV infection on the risk of...

This study sought to determine why young men who have sex with men (MSM) have higher HIV incidence rates than older MSM in the United States. We developed hypotheses that...

BACKGROUND: Sexualised drug use (SDU) refers to the use of drugs in a sexual context. This includes ‘Chemsex’- the use of drugs (specifically crystal methamphetamine, GHB/GBL and mephedrone) before or...

Background: The main focus of the surveillance system of AIDS in Iran is on direct clinical care for HIV, and other supportive facilities and secondary programmes have been somewhat neglected....

Background: Current guidelines recommend screening all people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) who have a CD4 count ≤100 cells/µL for cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) to identify those patients who could benefit...

BACKGROUND: Estimates of sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence are essential for efforts to prevent and control STIs. Few large STI prevalence studies exist, especially for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)....

PURPOSE: This study aims to compare the global prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and tuberculosis in incarcerated adolescents and young adults (AYAs) and older prisoners. METHODS: This study...

Background: Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has experienced an unprecedented mining boom since the mid-2000s with unknown effects on sexual and reproductive health (SRH). This study takes the essential...

BACKGROUND: Data on carcinogenicity of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in the anus are needed to inform anal cancer prevention through vaccination and screening. This is particularly the case for people...

OBJECTIVES: Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a multicentric angioproliferative cancer of endothelial origin typically occurring in the context of immunosuppression or immunodeficiency. Consequently, KS is one of the most common cancers...

Advances in the treatment of HIV have led to increasing numbers of people living with HIV reaching older age. Age-related comorbid conditions, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), are therefore of...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the concept has been raised that people with HIV are at risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) because of HIV infection. However, much remains...