Category Archives: Epidemiology and Determinants of Health
Considerations for the clinical management of HIV elite controllers
2018
Key take-home messages Fewer than one percent of people living with HIV are “elite controllers” (i.e. people who can spontaneously control HIV viral load without antiretroviral therapy). The ability of...
Type-specific anal human papillomavirus prevalence among men, according to sexual preference and HIV status: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
2018
Background: Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, most notably of HPV16, the central cause of anal cancer, is increased by anal sexual intercourse and worsened by HIV-positivity. Methods: We undertook a...
Psychosocial issues for older adults living with HIV/AIDS
2011
Key take-home messages Older adults may be at greater risk of HIV-related neurocognitive dysfunction and several stressors are associated with aging with HIV, including ageism, HIV-related stigma, declines in social...
HIV prevalence and testing among street-involved youth in Ontario
2014
Key take-home messages Although the evidence about rates of HIV transmission among street-involved youth is unclear, this group is at risk of sexually transmitted bloodborne infections due to factors such...
Interventions to reduce stigma among health care providers working with substance users
2018
Key take-home messages The attitudes and behaviours of practitioners have been linked to a variety of clinical outcomes in different patient groups. The prevalence of stigma among health care providers...
Reducing HIV-related stigma and discrimination in healthcare settings: A systematic review of guidelines, tools, standards of practice, best practices, consensus statements and systematic reviews
2018
Introduction: Policy makers and health professionals prefer to use preappraised and summarized evidence. Stigma and discrimination (SAD) reduction activities and programs are needed to improve the quality of care delivered...
Psychosocial support programs for HIV-positive women who are pregnant
2011
Key take-home messages Pregnant women with HIV have distinct psychosocial needs that must be addressed. Very little research has investigated the most effective means of delivering psychosocial support to pregnant...
Behavioural emergencies among HIV-positive men who have sex with men
2014
Key take-home messages Behavioural emergencies are crises in which a person’s behaviour can become so out of control that he or she becomes a danger to others in their surroundings....
HIV disclosure
2009
Key take-home messages Experiences of and processes to disclosure are extremely diverse and can be impacted by ethnicity, race, gender, sexuality, age, nationality, culture and class. Disclosure can have a...
The global and regional prevalence, burden, and risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in HIV-infected people: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2018
BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is among the most important opportunistic pathogens in HIV+ patients, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. METHODS: The MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE...
Models of outpatient care for the ongoing care and treatment of people living with HIV
2011
Key take-home messages Integrated care programmes that incorporate outpatient care, social support, psychosocial interventions and case management provide the best care for people with HIV. Accessible outpatient care can have...
Treatment barriers and best practices for newcomers living with HIV/HCV
2014
Key take-home messages Minority groups, including newcomers, are disproportionately affected by HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) due to social and economic factors that increase their vulnerability to infection. Newcomers living...
